A Newfoundland dog in a fall setting.

Newfoundland

Height
26 - 28"
Weight
100 - 150 lbs
Type
Working
Life Expectancy
9 - 10 years
Area of Origin
Canada
The courageous, but gentle, Newfie is one of the largest working breeds. They are strong and brave enough to rescue drowning humans during daring missions, yet calm enough to play with and watch over children. Their giant heads and massive bear-like bodies make them quite distinctive.
Energy Level
2
Playfulness
4
Friendliness to dogs
4
Friendliness to strangers
4
exercise requirements
3
affection level
4
friendliness to other pets
4
watchfulness
4
Grooming Requirements
5
Vocality
1

Where Are Newfoundland Dogs From?

The Newfoundland is a giant-breed working dog that likely evolved centuries ago from breeding between native Indian dogs and Great Pyrenees or Viking dogs. The Newfie was developed to perform water rescues, and to assist fisherman with hauling nets and daily catches to market. Their heavy double coats and webbed feet were perfectly designed for swimming in the icy North Atlantic waters of their homeland.

Today, the Newfie is used extensively for water rescues; their unmatched courage in the water is impressive to behold. Not only suited for water work, they are also ideal babysitters and watchdogs, though they are not aggressive protectors. Their laid back attitudes and loyalty make them wonderful family pets.

Caring for a Newfoundland Dog

What Kind of Diet Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

What Kind of Diet Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

During their first year, Newfies need a large amount of calories and specific nutrients to keep up with their rapidly growing bodies. A high-quality, large-breed puppy food should be fed during this time. Once they reach adulthood, their metabolism slows considerably, and they should be given a large-breed formula food. They are prone to gastric dilatation volvulus (GDV or bloat), so it may be helpful to feed smaller, more frequent meals and to avoid exercise around mealtime.

How Much Grooming Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

How Much Grooming Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

A Newfoundland requires an owner dedicated to keeping their fur looking its best. Thorough weekly brushing and combing to keep fur mat-and-tangle free is a must. They shed year round, with heavier shedding in spring and fall. Bathing a few times a month will keep the coat shiny and healthy. They also drool quite a bit, and owners are in the habit of carrying a towel to keep mouths clean and dry.

Are Newfoundlands Healthy Dogs?

Are Newfoundlands Healthy Dogs?

Newfies are generally healthy, with an average lifespan of 9 to 10 years. They should be screened for cardiac, orthopedic, and ocular disorders. Owing to their thick double coats, Newfies are very susceptible to heat stroke in warmer months. Gastric dilatation volvulus (bloat) is a very common, life-threatening illness that afflicts this breed. Families should educate themselves to understand and recognize the signs, and know what to do if they are concerned about their dog’s symptoms.

Newfies are predisposed to: gastric dilatation volvulus, heat stroke, hip dysplasia, entropion, ectropion, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, and hypothyroidism.

Less common ailments include patent ductus arteriosis (PDA), atrial septal defect (ASD), and ectopic ureter.

How Much Training Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

How Much Training Does a Newfoundland Dog Need?

Newfies are generally easy to train. They are intelligent and calm, and do best with gentle training. Puppy classes and early socialization are necessary to ensure a well-behaved adult, especially considering their large size. Newfies were bred to swim, and your puppy should be safely introduced to the water at an early age to acclimate them.

Do Newfoundland Dogs Need A Lot of Exercise?

Do Newfoundland Dogs Need A Lot of Exercise?

Despite their imposing size, Newfies do not require as much exercise as one might think. Daily walks or swimming will usually suffice to keep them happy. More energetic dogs will gladly come along for a family hike or participate in search and rescue, agility, dock diving, and cart pulling.

What Are the Physical Characteristics of a Newfoundland Dog?

How Big are Newfoundland Dogs?
The Newfie has a large, heavy-boned body with medium-length shaggy fur. Their large, boxy heads and long, feathered tails make them easy to recognize. They average 28″ in height for males and 26″ for females. Their average weight is between 100 and 150 pounds.
What Color Eyes Do Newfoundland Dogs Have?
Newfies have calm, yet expressive, dark brown eyes. Their heads are large and broad, with small, naturally floppy ears. The muzzle is wide and slightly rounded on top, ending in a black nose.
Are Newfoundland Dogs Strong?
Newfies are very strong, boasting heavily-muscled, massive bodies and a long, straight back. The chest is very deep, reaching to the elbows.
Do Newfoundland Dogs Have Tails?
Yes, Newfies have tails, which are long, reaching to the hocks, and plumed. They are carried down when relaxed, and may have a slight curl at the tip.
Newfoundland Dog Front Legs
Front legs are straight and shoulders are muscular. Newfies have cat-feet, with webbed toes to aid in swimming. Dewclaws may be removed.
What Colors Are Common for Newfoundland Dogs?
The most common coat color for Newfoundland dogs is solid black, but they also come in brown, gray, and a combination of white and black called Landseer. Their double coat is very dense, which protects them from the cold waters of the North Atlantic.
Newfoundland Dog Back Legs
Back legs resemble the front and are strong, straight, and heavy-boned. Dewclaws are typically removed.

Newfoundland Facts

Lord Byron had a Newfie named Boatswain, to whom he dedicated a monument at his estate in Newstead Abbey, England. Byron was so fond of Boatswain that the tomb he built for the dog was larger than his own.
It is rumored that the author of "Peter Pan," J.M. Barrie, created the character of Nana after his own Newfie.
A Newf named Seaman accompanied Lewis and Clark on a portion of their American expedition in the early 1800s, and his likeness can be seen in many monuments portraying the trip.

Other Breeds to Explore

References